There are many strategies and tactics used to deliver water and water enhancers (mostly foam) from source to end user points. This variability includes equipment, and crew/contractor configurations. Optimal water delivery practices are largely based on experience, practitioners will benefit from having data-based analyses to support their decisions. Improving suppression efficiency is contingent on understanding how much water is needed for suppression while accounting for multiple environmental and fire variables. A knowledge of water needs can then form the basis for optimizing water delivery using existing tactics and will enable objective development and evaluation of new equipment.